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How to Design a Kitchen Island

The kitchen is one of the most complicated spaces to design in a house — and figuring out how to design an island can be confusing for homeowners. Here at RTA Wood Cabinets we offer free kitchen design, please print our measurement guide and send it back to us for a free 3D design.
While there's no set formula for figuring out how to size an island, some measurement guidelines can help.

Before you start you should ask yourself a few questions.

  1. What is the island’s function?

    Before you start thinking about storage and what stove you want, decide what your island’s main function is going to be. Most islands have a side devoted to cooking and a side devoted to eating, but what will your emphasis be? Prep work, cooking, cleaning, eating or entertaining? Or will you use it for everything, including homework and house projects?
    If you want appliances and sinks in your island, you’ll need more space. If it will be used just for casual meals, seating should be your priority.
  2. What appliances do you want in your kitchen island?

    If you’ve decided you want to integrate appliances into your kitchen island, you need to plan for function as well as spacing. If the main sink is in the island, you’ll need a dishwasher and have to decide if the dishwasher is to the right or the left of your sink. If this is going to be your main prep area, you’ll need trash, recycling and compost areas nearby, too.

    How big is your kitchen? If you have a large kitchen and your refrigerator isn’t near the island, you may want a smaller undercounter refrigerator nearby. If you’re installing a cooktop, take the space needed for an exhaust vent or hood into account. Make a list of everything you want in your kitchen island, in order of priority. You may not be able to get everything in your island, but try to get at least your top five features.
  1. How much storage do you need?

    A lot of this depends on your kitchen layout. If you have space for a lot of cabinetry in the kitchen, island storage may not be a priority. If this is to be your main prep area, the sink and other appliances may have to come first, but try to make room for prep utensils and cutting boards near the sink.
  1. How high should the counter be?

    First things first: Determine your seating height. If you want to have bar stools at your island, you’ll need to decide if it’s 36 or 42 inches high. A 42-inch-high bar stool and bar tend to have a bit more flexibility — the island can be designed in two levels, with the working side set lower for prep work and the dining side higher to accommodate bar stools. The step in between is a handy place for electrical outlets, too.

    A 36-inch-high bar provides for seating that’s between a typical bar stool and a table seat. It doesn’t allow for quite as much flexibility in design but can be a good choice for a defined eating area. You should try to leave at least 12 inches of overhang for seating areas, but 15 to 18 inches tends to feel more comfortable.
  1. How will it fit into your kitchen layout?

    Kitchens are anything but static — the busy nature of this space requires every part to be cohesively designed. Make sure that the working side of your island can function with the opposite kitchen counter. Will it make sense with the rest of your kitchen? Can it complete the work triangle of the sink, range and refrigerator? Or do you need another working area with a prep sink?

    The open floor area around the island also requires some calculation. We suggest about 3 feet of floor space on the ends of the island. The working sides of an island should have 42 inches of space as a minimum, but more than 5 feet usually isn’t necessary. The entertaining and eating side of the island is usually determined by the adjacent space — a dining room or living room — if there is one.
  1. Do you need a designer?

    It depends. Islands are often the main gathering and work spot in the kitchen, so a lot of thought goes into them. Anyone with a good sense of proportion and who takes care in planning for all the proposed uses can figure this out. But that’s not everyone. A Kitchen designer can help in working this out, especially when related to more than just a working kitchen. Here at RTA Wood Cabinets we offer free kitchen design and can lay it out for you and show it you in 3D bringing your kitchen live to make sure it’s the kitchen of your dreams.
  1. What color should it be?

Most Islands tend to be the same color as the kitchen, if it’s a big kitchen we like to try and make it an accent color, for example a white shaker kitchen with a matching gray island in the same door/drawer profile, a lot of our customer use our Essex white shaker for the kitchen and the Norwich Gray shaker for the island, at rtawoodcabinets we have lots of options for having different color islands, ask your designer, you can give us a call at 800-788-7575.